Minor and trace elemental contents of cancerous breast tissue measured by instrumental and radiochemical neutron activation analysis

Many minor and trace elements influence the permeability of cell membranes by competing for binding sites, and exert direct or indirect action on the carcinogenic process. Instrumental and radiochemical neutron activation analysis has been employed for the determination of more than 20 elements in normal and cancerous breast tissues of 6 patients. Most trace elements, viz., Zn, Cu, Mn, Co, Se, Br, As, Sb and Cd, are elevated in cancerous tissue, whereas lower levels are observed for Fe, Cs, I, and Sr. Similarly, concentrations of minor constituents, such as Na, K, P, Cl, and Mg, are enhanced compared to normal tissue. Several elements incorporate into the normal cell, change its enzymatic activity, and accelerate the growth of tumor.