集合种群模拟模型及其在竞争共存机制与物种多样性研究中的应用

以荒漠区人工植被的恢复与重建为背景，从宏观尺度研究了很集合种群的空间分布新模式，建立了基于Levins集合种群模型的数值模拟方法。对两物种的模拟结果表明：在适当选择参数下，模拟植被区的集合种群可以形成“海藻式”稳定的时空分布结构，在理论上表明相同生态特征的物种在空间生境中可以达成共存。为了达到物种丰富度和生产力最佳，实现持续发展，对多物种集合种群进行了模拟。模拟结果显示当物种的种数为5时，空间上随机播种的模拟种群覆盖率达到最大，因而可发挥最大的治沙作用。另外，模拟还显示在播种时应采取集聚式的空间播种模式，以使种群具有较高的防沙能力。该结果可为生物防沙治沙领域提供理论依据。

Simulation model of metapopulations and its application to competing coexistence and species richness

Taken the restoration of artificial vegetation in sandy region as background,we have studied the new pattern of spatial distribution for metapopulation in large scale,and construct the approach to simulate numerically. The simulated results show that the metapopulation in artificial vegetation region can distribute stably like algae in space with certain parameter values,and reach productively maximum at moderate species richness,which can form sustainable development. In addition,the results also show that the cover rate of population for sandy prevention reaches maximum when the number of species is 5 for random insemination,which therefore can exert the maximum function for prevention and rehabilitation of sandy desertification. In addition,the centralized spatial pattern for insemination can have obviously strong ability for sandy prevention. These results can support theoretical suggestion in the engineering of biological techniques for prevention and rehabilitation of sandy desertification.