Plant infection and the establishment of fungal biotrophy |
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| Authors: | Mendgen Kurt Hahn Matthias |
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| Institution: | 1. Dept of Biology, Phytopathology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany;2. Dept Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Post Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany;1. Université de Brest, EA 3882 Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie Microbienne, IBSAM, ESIAB, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France;2. Université de Brest, UMR 6539, Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin, LEMAR CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, Institute Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 29280 Plouzané, France;3. Plateforme Proteogen SFR ICORE, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 14032 Caen Cedex, France;1. Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, Sichuan, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, Sichuan, China;1. Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Departamento de Genética, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, CP 9, CEP, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil;2. Universidade Federal Do Acre, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, CEP, 69920-900, Rio Branco, AC, Brazil;3. Instituto Agronômico (IAC), Centro de Cana, CP 206, CEP, 14001-970, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil;4. Instituto SENAI de Inovação Em Biomassa, CEP, 79604-250, Três Lagoas, MS, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | To exploit plants as living substrates, biotrophic fungi have evolved remarkable variations of their tubular cells, the hyphae. They form infection structures such as appressoria, penetration hyphae and infection hyphae to invade the plant with minimal damage to host cells. To establish compatibility with the host, controlled secretory activity and distinct interface layers appear to be essential. Colletotrichum species switch from initial biotrophic to necrotrophic growth and are amenable to mutant analysis and molecular studies. Obligate biotrophic rust fungi can form the most specialized hypha: the haustorium. Gene expression and immunocytological studies with rust fungi support the idea that the haustorium is a transfer apparatus for the long-term absorption of host nutrients. |
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