基于专利分析的肿瘤基因PCR诊断技术研究

肿瘤目前成为人类健康和生命的重要危胁,肿瘤基因诊断是对肿瘤的各种原癌基因、抑癌基因进行检测,聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)技术是目前临床基因诊断应用最广泛的诊断技术,具有普及率高、特异性好、简便快捷等特点。肿瘤基因PCR诊断技术可以用于已知基因突变的检测,快速了解突变状态,有效制定治疗方案,为肿瘤患者带来福音。本研究主要基于专利数据,对肿瘤基因PCR诊断技术进行分析,探讨了全球与中国在肿瘤基因PCR诊断技术领域的发展现状与趋势。在Innography数据库共检索到PCR技术相关专利16,939件,专利家族6,285件。在肿瘤基因PCR诊断技术领域中,荧光定量PCR技术占比较大,约占肿瘤基因PCR诊断技术总量的三分之一。从技术技术生命周期来看,肿瘤基因PCR诊断技术目前仍处在高速发展阶段。美国是肿瘤基因PCR诊断技术的发展领先国家。该技术的主要来源国为美国,全球42.09%的专利来自美国,同时美国也是同族专利的主要分布地区。在肿瘤基因PCR诊断技术领域,排名前15位的顶尖机构中,来自美国的机构有7所。中国在肿瘤基因PCR诊断技术领域起步较晚,但发展迅速,在该技术领域申请的专利数量仅次于美国。中国申请的肿瘤基因PCR诊断技术的专利绝大多数都只在中国进行专利保护,并没有布局全球市场的意愿。

Study on Patents in the Field of Tumor Gene's PCR Diagnostic Technology

ABSTRACT: Tumors are now an important threat to human health and life. Tumor gene diagnosis is the detection of various proto-oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technology is the most widely used diagnostic technology for clinical gene diagnosis. Tumor gene''s PCR diagnostic technology can be used to detect the mutation genes to formulate treatment plans. This study analyzes the tumor gene''s PCR diagnostic technology based on patents data to explore the development status and trends of global and Chinese tumor gene''s PCR diagnostic technology. There is a total of 16,939 patents related to tumor gene''s PCR diagnostic technology and 6,285 patent families in the Innography database. In the field of tumor gene''s PCR diagnostic technology, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology accounts for a large proportion, accounting for about one-third of the total amount of tumor gene''s PCR diagnostic technology. From the perspective of technical technology life cycle, the tumor gene''s PCR diagnostic technology is still in the stage of rapid development. The United States is a leading country in the development of tumor gene''s PCR diagnostic technology. The United States also is the main source of this technology and the main distribution area of the same family of patents. In the field of tumor gene''s PCR diagnostic technology, 42.09 % of the world''s patents come from the United States. And among the top 15 top institutions in this technology, there are 7 institutions from the United States. China started late in the field of tumor gene''s PCR diagnostic technology. However, the tumor gene''s PCR diagnostic technology has developed rapidly in China. The number of patents from China applied in this technology is second only followed to the United States. Most of the patents for the PCR gene diagnostic technology applied in China are only patented in China, which shows that Chinese institutes have no willingness to lay out the global market.