黑水虻虫油替代豆油对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长、血清生化指标和肝脏脂滴面积的影响 |
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引用本文: | 胡俊茹,易昌金,王国霞,莫文艳,黄燕华. 黑水虻虫油替代豆油对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长、血清生化指标和肝脏脂滴面积的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 2020, 44(4): 717-727. DOI: 10.7541/2020.086 |
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作者姓名: | 胡俊茹 易昌金 王国霞 莫文艳 黄燕华 |
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摘 要: | 试验旨在研究黑水虻(Hermetia illucens L.)虫油替代饲料中豆油对黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)幼鱼生长性能、血清抗氧化能力、炎症因子及肝脏脂滴面积的影响。以豆油为对照组(T0), 虫油分别替代20%(T20)、40%(T40)、60%(T60)、80%(T80)、100%(T100)的豆油, 配置6种等氮等脂的试验饲料。选取初始体重为(2.12±0.01) g 的黄颡鱼幼鱼840尾, 随机分为6组, 每组4个重复, 每个重复35尾, 养殖56d。结果表明: 黑水虻虫油替代豆油对黄颡鱼幼鱼的末均重、增重率、特定生长率、饲料系数、存活率、摄食率均无显著影响(P>0.05); 各组间黄颡鱼肥满度、腹脂指数、脏体比、肝体比无显著差异(P>0.05); 全鱼粗蛋白、粗脂肪、水分、灰分、钙、磷含量无显著差异(P>0.05); 黑水虻虫油替代豆油对饲料的干物质、蛋白质、脂肪、磷及能量的表观消化率未产生显著影响(P>0.05), 但T60和T80组钙的表观消化率显著高于T100组(P<0.05), 与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。各组间黄颡鱼幼鱼血清白蛋白、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、尿素氮、球蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶、血糖、总蛋白差异不显著(P>0.05), 但高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量则随着替代比例的增加先上升后下降, T60组和T80组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。各组间黄颡鱼幼鱼血清中抗超氧阴离子和丙二醛含量, 过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05); 与对照组相比, 各处理组血清肿瘤坏死因子-α浓度无显著性差异(P>0.05); 当黑水虻虫油替代比例超40%时, 各处理组血清中抗炎因子白介素-10和促炎因子白介素-6及白介素-8的浓度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。油红O染色显示, 黑水虻虫油替代豆油对肝脏脂滴面积无显著影响(P>0.05)。综上所述, 黑水虻虫油完全替代豆油对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能、形体指标、体成分、营养物质表观消化率和抗氧化指标无显著影响, 以生长性能为评价指标, 当黄颡鱼幼鱼基础饲料中添加4%豆油时, 黑水虻虫油完全替代豆油。
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关 键 词: | 黑水虻虫油 豆油 黄颡鱼 生长性能 血清生化指标 肝脏脂滴面积 |
收稿时间: | 2019-05-24 |
EFFECTS OF DIETARY SOYBEAN OIL REPLACED WITH BLACK SOLDIER FLY LARVAE OIL ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE,PLASMA BIOCHEMICAL INDEXES AND LIVER LIPID DROPLETS OF JUVENILE YELLOW CATFISH |
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Abstract: | To evaluate the effects of soybean oil (SO) replacement by black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae oil (BSFLO) on growth performance, plasma biochemical indexes and liver lipid droplets of juvenile yellow catfish (Peltobagrus fulvidraco), BSFLO was used to replace 0 (control diet, T0), 20% (T20), 40% (T40), 60% (T60), 80% (T80) and 100% (T100) of SO in the basal diet, respectively. A total of 840 juvenile yellow catfish with an initial weight of (2.12±0.01) g were randomly divided into 6 groups for a 56-day trial with 4 replicates in each group and 35 per replicate. The results showed that, the weight gain rate, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, survival rate, feeding rate and protein efficiency of juvenile yellow catfish were not affected by BSFLO replacements (P>0.05). There were no significant difference in CF, VSI, HSI and IPF among all the groups (P>0.05). The crude protein, crude fat, total phosphorus as well as water content in whole body were not affected by BSFLO replacement (P>0.05). The apparent digestibility of dry matter, protein, fat, phosphorus and energy among all the groups were not significantly different (P>0.05), but the apparent digestibility of calcium in the T60 and T80 groups were significantly higher than that in T100 group (P<0.05). Except for HDL cholesterol, other serum biochemical indices were not significantly affected (P>0.05), but HDL cholesterol were significantly higher in T60 and T80 groups than in control group (P<0.05). No significant difference in antioxidant ability was found (P>0.05), and the concentrations of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. The proinflammatory factors IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in the BSFLO replacement exceeded 40% were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05). Oil red O staining showed that the BSFLO had no significant effect on liver fat content (P>0.05). In conclusion, BSFLO can be used to completely replace SO without significantly affecting the growth performance, body indexes, body composition, apparent digestibility of nutrients, antioxidant indexes and liver lipid droplets of juvenile yellow catfish. Based on growth performance, BSFLO can completely replace SO in the diet of juvenile yellow cat fish, when the basic diet contains 4% SO. |
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