生态压力视角下福建省区域经济协调发展研究

基于生态压力人口模型, 采用标准差椭圆分析、基尼系数法和基于最大值灰色关联聚类等方法, 分析了福建省域生态压力的时空分布特征, 揭示了生态压力的极化状况, 划分了不同生态压力水平的经济区, 提出了省域经济协调发展调控策略。结果表明: (1)福建省域生态压力的空间格局呈显著的“山海分异”特征, 即生态压力的分布范围主要集中于东南沿海一线, 而西北部山区所受压力较小, 且随着沿海次中心城市在研究期内不断发展,“山海分异”的格局被进一步强化。(2)省域生态压力人口分布体现了高度极化特征, 从最高级城市到最低级城市生态压力人口呈指数型递减。省域经济发展仍处于持续高度不平衡阶段, 省域经济协调发展的基本面总体向好, 但不够稳定。(3)9大设区市按生态压力水平可划分为3类, 分别为高压经济区(福州、厦门、泉州)、中压经济区(漳州、莆田、宁德)和低压经济区(三明、南平、龙岩)。综合上述结果本研究认为亟需构建以优化增长极、强化增长点、显化增长轴、内化承接带、外化活力港、深化辐射网为内容的区域经济协调发展“6化”调控框架。

Study on regional economy coordination development in Fujian province from the perspective of eco-pressure

Based on the ecological pressure population model,we used the standard deviation ellipse,the Gini coefficient method and the maximum gray correlation clustering method to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of ecological pressure,reveal the polarization of ecological pressure and divide the economic zones according to eco-pressure levels in Fujian Province.At last,we proposed the coordinated development strategy of the provincial economy.The results showed that:(1)The spatial pattern of ecological pressure in Fujian Province was characterized by“mountain-sea differentiation”.The distribution of ecological pressure was mainly concentrated in the southeastern coastal line,while the mountainous areas in the were less stressed.This pattern was further strengthened with coastal sub-center cities to develop during the study period.(2)The distribution of provincial eco-pressure population reflected the highly polarized characteristics,and the eco-pressure population from the highest city to the lowest level was exponentially decreasing.The provincial economic development was still in a period of sustained high imbalance,and the coordinated development of the provincial economy was generally good,but not stable enough.(3)The 9 cities could be divided into three categories on the basis of eco-pressure levels,namely high-pressure economic zones(Fuzhou,Xiamen,Quanzhou),medium-pressure economic zones(Zhangzhou,Putian,Ningde)and low-pressure economic zones(Sanming,Nanping,Longyan).In summary,it is urgent to construct“6-oriented”(“optimizing growth poles”,“strengthening growth points”,“clearing growth axes”and“internalization undertaking belts”,“externalization vitality port”and“deepening radiation network”)regulatory framework for the coordinated development of regional economy.