部分中国传统月季花粉形态研究

利用扫描电镜观察了15个中国传统月季品种的花粉形态。结果表明:传统月季花粉为单粒花粉，呈长球形或超长球形（P/E为1.92～2.25），大小为37.59～51.95 μm×17.02～25.33 μm。赤道面观椭圆形或长矩形，极面观三裂圆形，具三孔沟，沿极轴方向等间距环状分布。外壁纹饰条纹型，覆盖层具穿孔，在品种间具有相似性，但变异丰富，划分为4种类型。聚类分析结果表明，花粉大小和外壁纹饰特征在反映传统月季品种的类别上与形态分类基本一致。根据花粉形态演变规律可推断，样品中‘四面镜’可能为最原始的品种类型，‘月月粉’、‘月月红’及‘匍匐红’等品种较为进化。

Pollen Morphology of Some Chinese Traditional Roses

The pollen morphology of 15 Chinese traditional roses were examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM). The features of pollen grains were goniotreme, prolate and perprolate, 37.59-51.95 μm×17.02-25.33 μm in size. The equatorial view was ellipse, while the polar view was trilobate-circular with tricolporate annularly distributed in equal space. Exine sculpture was striate with apertures. Features of the exine ornamentation showed variability among cultivars. Cluster analysis results indicated that the size and exine sculpture of pollen could reflect the differences among cultivars in a certain extent. According to the evolution of rose pollen, it can be inferred that Roses chinensis ‘Parsons’ Pink China’, ‘Slater’s Crimson China’ and ‘Pu Fu Hong’ were more evolutive than other cultivars, while ‘Si Mian Jing’ could be regarded as an original cultivar.