A putative donor of S-cytoplasm and its distribution among open-pollinated populations of onion |
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Authors: | M J Havey |
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Institution: | (1) Vegetable Crops Unit, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, 53706 Madison, WI, USA |
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Abstract: | Summary Cytoplasmic-genic male-sterility systems are used to economically produce hybrid onion seed. Previous studies have indicated that the source of cytoplasmic male sterility discovered in 1925 by Jones (S-cytoplasm) may be an alien cytoplasm. Restriction enzyme analysis of the chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) revealed five polymorphisms between S and normal (N) fertile cytoplasms. S-cytoplasm was different from the Allium species closely related to the bulb onion, and cladistic estimates of phylogenies supported introduction from an unknown species. S-cytoplasm was identical for all polymorphisms in the cpDNA to Pran , a triploid viviparous onion. Pran shares morphological characteristics with Italian Red 13–53 , the single plant source of S-cytoplasm. Densiometric scans of autoradiograms revealed that 12 of 31 open-pollinated populations of onion possessed S-cytoplasm and that introgression may have occurred since the discovery of S-cytoplasm. |
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Keywords: | Onion Cytoplasmic male sterility Chloroplast DNA RFLPs |
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