不同植物脂肪源对吉富罗非鱼生长性能、肌肉脂肪酸和生理生化指标的影响

配制了6种等氮等脂的饲料饲喂(12.320.02) g的吉富罗非鱼8周, 探讨罗非鱼对不同脂肪源的利用效果,筛选出适合吉富罗非鱼的植物脂肪源。6种饲料中分别添加大豆油(SO)、棕榈油(PO)、棉籽油(CO)、菜籽油(RO)、磷脂(SL)和1:1:1:1:1大豆油-棕榈油-棉籽油-菜籽油-磷脂混合油(MIX)。结果显示: (1)菜籽油组特定生长率显著高于棕榈油组、棉籽油组、磷脂油组和混合油组(P0.05), 大豆油组显著高于棉籽油组和棕榈油组(P0.05)。菜籽油组饲料系数显著低于棉籽油组、磷脂油组和棕榈油组(P0.05), 与其他各组无显著性差异(P0.05); (2)肌肉脂肪酸明显受饲料脂肪源影响, 棕榈油组肌肉脂肪酸组成与饲料脂肪酸组成相关性最大(P0.05), 棉籽油组肌肉脂肪酸组成与饲料脂肪酸组成相关性最小(P0.05); (3)棕榈油组天冬氨酸转氨酶活性显著高于菜籽油组(P0.05)。棉籽油组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著高于菜籽油组(P0.05), 大豆油组肝脏脂蛋白酯酶活性显著高于棉籽油组和菜籽油组(P0.05)。研究结果表明: 菜籽油、大豆油可以作为吉富罗非鱼饲料中良好的脂肪源, 棉籽油不利于吉富罗非鱼生长。

EFFECT OF DIETARY VEGETABLE OILS WHEN FED TO GENETICALLY IMPROVED FARMED TILAPIA STRAIN OF NILE TILAPIA OREOCHROMISNILOTICUS

An 8-week growth trial was conducted with GIFT (Genetic Improvement of Farmed Tilapia) tilapia to in-vestigate the supplemented feed diets with different vegetable oil as substitutes for fish oil. Six diets were supplemen-ted with 3%of either soybean oil (SO), palm oil (PO), cottonseed oil (CO), rapeseed oil (RO), phospholipid (SL), rape-seed oil (RO), 1∶1∶1∶1∶1 soybean oil-palm oil-cottonseed oil-rapeseed oil-phospholipid mixture (MIX). The re-sults showed that:(1) The specific growth rate of CO group was significantly higher than that of the PO, CO, SL and MIX group (P<0.05). The specific growth rate of SO group was significantly higher than that of the CO and PO group (P<0.05). The feed conversion ratio of RO group was significantly lower than that of the PO, CO and SL group (P<0.05), and had no significance with other groups (P>0.05). The feed conversion ratio of SO group was significantly lower than that of the CO group (P<0.05), and had no significance with other groups (P>0.05);(2) Fatty acid composi-tion of muscle in fish generally reflected the composition of the diet. The maximum correlation between muscle fatty acid composition and diet fatty acids composition was PO group, the minimal was CO group;(3) The activity of serum aspartate transaminase of PO group was significantly higher than that of the RO group (P<0.05). The content of high density lipoprotein cholesterol of CO group was significantly higher than that of the RO and PO group (P<0.05) and had no significance with other groups (P>0.05). The content of low density lipoprotein cholesterol of CO group were significantly higher than that of the MIX group (P<0.05) and had no significance with other groups (P>0.05). The re-sults suggested that rapeseed oil and soybean oil can be good lipid sources for the diet of the GIFT tilapia. Cottonseed oil will not improve the growth of the GIFT tilapia as good as rapeseed oil, palm oil, phospholipid oil and mixed oil.