Hydrogen Flux through Size Selected Pd Nanoparticles into Underlying Mg Nanofilms |
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Authors: | Sushant Kumar Theodore Pavloudis Vidyadhar Singh Hoa Nguyen Stephan Steinhauer Christopher Pursell Bruce Clemens Joseph Kioseoglou Panagiotis Grammatikopoulos Mukhles Sowwan |
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Institution: | 1. Nanoparticles by Design Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna‐Son, Okinawa, Japan;2. Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta, Patna, Bihar, India;3. Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece;4. Department of Mathematics, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, USA;5. Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, USA;6. Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA |
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Abstract: | The application of Mg for hydrogen storage is hindered due to the slow absorption of hydrogen in Mg films. Herein, the hydrogenation process is explored theoretically using density functional theory calculations, and energy barriers are compared for hydrogen diffusion through Pd nanoparticle/Mg film interfaces and their variations, i.e., Pd(H)/Mg(O). Decomposing the mechanism into basic steps, it is shown that Pd undergoes a strain‐induced crystallographic phase transformation near the interface, and indicated that hydrogen saturation of Pd nanoparticles enhances their efficiency as nanoportals. Using energetic arguments, it is explained why hydrogen diffusion is practically prohibited through native Mg oxide and seriously suppressed through existing hydride domains. Hydrogen flux is experimentally investigated through the nanoportals in Pd‐nanoparticle decorated Mg films by pressure‐composition isotherm measurements. An r ≈ t1/3 relationship is theoretically calculated for the radial growth of hemispherical hydride domains, and this relationship is confirmed by atomic force microscopy. The diffusion constant of hydrogen in Mg films is estimated as DHfilm ≈ 8 × 10?18 m2 s?1, based on transmission electron microscopy characterization. The unique nanoportal configuration allows direct measurement of hydride domain sizes, thus forming a model system for the experimental investigation of hydrogenation in any material. |
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Keywords: | cluster beam deposition density functional theory diffusion coefficient hydrogen storage Pd nanoparticles |
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