DNA修复的表观遗传学调控

表观遗传学信息的改变是导致人类肿瘤形成的重要因素之一．基因组的稳定性经常会受到DNA损伤的威胁．然而，高度致密的染色质结构却极大地妨碍了DNA修复的进行．因此，真核生物细胞中必须有一个精确的机制来克服染色质这一天然的屏障．其中，组蛋白的共价修饰和ATP-依赖的染色质重塑通过改变染色质的结构，对DNA修复进程起着关键的调控作用．介绍了DNA修复过程中，发生在表观遗传学方面的主要调控过程，特别阐述了在DNA双链断裂损伤应答和修复过程中，组蛋白修饰和染色质重塑方面最新的研究进展，并对今后的发展方向进行了讨论．

Epigenetic Regulation of DNA Repair

Epigenetic changes are important etiological factors of human tumor. The integrity of the genome is frequently challenged by the damage of DNA. However, the highly condensed structure of chromatin imposes significant obstacles on the repair processes. Eukaryotes have developed intricate mechanisms to overcome this repressive barrier imposed by chromatin. Covalent histone modifications and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling play important roles in the process of DNA repair. Recent advances of the epigenetic regulations in the repair process were summarized. New findings in the cellular responses to DNA double strand breaks and how histone modifications and chromatin remodeling contributes to DNA double strand break repair were introduced. Future challenges in this field are also discussed.