Uncertainty Analysis and Toxicity Classification in Life-Cycle Assessment Using the Case-study of Gas Purification Systems |
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Authors: | Markus A Meier Konrad Hungerbühler |
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Institution: | (1) Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc., K-147.4.39, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland;(2) Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Safety and Environmental Technology Group, ETH-Zentrum UNK, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | This comprehensive thesis structures the decision-making process for making a choice of the most adequate gas purification
system (GasPS). Various gas purification technologies (biofilter, activated carbon filter, catalytic oxidation, thermo-reactor)
have been evaluated based on an industrial case-study for waste gas streams. The ecological performance was quantified using
the life-cycle impact assessment methods Eco-Indicator 95 and Swiss Ecopoints (environmental scarcities). Both life-cycle
impact assessment methods have been improved by a new classification method for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which considers
the environmental fate and exposure as well as the toxicity of these compounds. For life-cycle assessment, a detailed quantitative
uncertainty analysis was carried out using Monte Carlo simulation. Based on the uncertainty analysis, developing statements
about the significance of the results and of relative differences between various GasPS alternatives has been possible. The
eco-efficiency of the investigated GasPSs was finally characterised based on four indicators: Net Ecological Benefit (NEBN), Ecological Yield Efficiency (lgEYE), Net Present Value (NPV), and Ecological-Economic Efficiency (EEE). |
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Keywords: | Chemical industry clean air legislation decision-making eco-efficiency indicators Eco-Indicator 95 gas purification system Life-cycle assessment Swiss Ecopoints toxic substances uncertainty analysis |
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