Dihydroquercetin protects barley seeds against mold and increases seedling adaptive potential under soil flooding

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seeds were soaked in aqueous 10⁻⁴ M dihydroquercetin (DHQ) to examine its influence on seed germination and further growth of seedlings under optimal soil watering and flooding conditions. The adaptive potential of the plants was estimated by the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) and the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (AsP). High-grade seeds were germinated evenly under (−DHQ)- and (+DHQ)-treatments. Low-grade seeds soaked in DHQ, showed no mold and twofold germination rate in comparison with the same seeds soaked in water. The seedlings grown from the similarly germinated seeds did not differ from each other in the shoot growth, independent of the DHQ-pretreatment. The root growth was higher in DHQ-pretreated plants. Soil flooding suppressed the shoot and root growth rates in non-pretreated and DHQ-pretreated plants, however TBARs content was lower in the roots and leaves of (+DHQ)-seedlings as compared to the (−DHQ)-ones. The activity of AsP increased more significantly in the (+DHQ)-plants. The ratio between TBARs content and the AsP activity was lower in the leaves of (+DHQ)-plants both under optimal soil conditions and flooding. Thus, the treatment of low-grade barley seeds with DHQ protects the seeds against mold and increases adaptive potential of the seedlings.