Activation of Imd pathway in hemocyte confers infection resistance through humoral response in Drosophila |
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| Authors: | Bryce Nelson Tina Freisinger Kenichi Ishii Kiyoshi Okado Naoaki Shinzawa Shinya Fukumoto Hirotaka Kanuka |
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| Affiliation: | 1. National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan;2. Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany;3. Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;4. Department of Tropical Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;1. Environmental and Occupational Health Department, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA;2. Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada;1. Infectious Diseases Unit, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Israel;2. Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;3. University of Houston School of Pharmacy, Houston, TX 77030, USA;4. University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA;5. Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel;1. Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, LRB 416, Worcester, MA 01605, USA;2. Broad Center, Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, 35 Medical Center Way, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;3. School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;1. National Creative Research Initiative Center for Symbiosystem, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea;2. Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea;3. College of Health Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea;1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210046, China;2. MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China |
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| Abstract: | Upon microbial invasion the innate immune system of Drosophila melanogaster mounts a response that comes in two distinct but complimentary forms, humoral and cellular. A screen to find genes capable of conferring resistance to the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus upon ectopic expression in immune response tissues uncovered imd gene. This resistance was not dependent on cellular defenses but rather likely a result of upregulation of the humoral response through increased expression of antimicrobial peptides, including a Toll pathway reporter gene drosomycin. Taken together it appears that Imd pathway is capable of playing a role in resistance to the Gram-positive S. aureus, counter to notions of traditional roles of the Imd pathway thought largely to responsible for resistance to Gram-negative bacteria. |
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