Confocal microscopic evidence of decreased alpha-actin expression within rabbit cerebral artery smooth muscle cells after subarachnoid haemorrhage

Our objective was to determine whether subarachnoid haemorrhage modifies cerebral artery smooth muscle cell phenotype and the contractile protein -actin measured 7 days after haemorrhage. We used a rabbit subarachnoid haemorrhage model and immunofluorescence labelling of -smooth muscle actin, vimentin and desmin. The paired comparison between the haemorrhage and sham rabbits was performed using confocal laser-scanning microscopy. We found in the haemorrhage group significantly less intense -actin immunostaining (p = 0.036) and more intense vimentin immunostaining (p = 0.043) but no significant change in the intensity of desmin staining. Our results indicate an absolute decrease after subarachnoid haemorrhage in the amount of functional -actin and in the light of the literature may suggest a certain degree of dedifferentiation of smooth muscle cells in the cerebral artery wall.