A primary Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis low dose infection in alpacas (Lama pacos) protects against a lethal challenge exposure |
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| Institution: | 1. Instituto Veterinario de Investigaciones Tropicales y de Altura IVITA, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, San Borja, Lima, Perú;2. Kansas State University, Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Manhattan KS 66506, USA;1. Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, España;2. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, España;3. Unidad de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, Madrid, España;4. Unidad de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, Madrid, España;5. Unidad de Cardiología Infantil, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, Madrid, España;6. Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, Madrid, España;7. Unidad de Genética Clínica, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, Madrid, España;1. Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, CAS, Taiyuan 030001, China;1. Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Department of Electronic Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;2. Laboratory for Microstructures, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China;1. Interdisciplinary Material Science and Engineering Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA;3. Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392 and;4. Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the agent of alpaca's lymphadenitis. The present study was to demonstrate the effect of a primary infection with low (1.1 × 103), moderate (1 × 104), and high (1.2 × 105) doses of C. pseudotuberculosis against a significant higher challenge dose of 9 × 108 CFU of C. pseudotuberculosis. Three groups of 4 healthy male alpacas were inoculated subcutaneously (SC) in the left flank behind the costal arch with the above doses of bacteria. A fourth group of 4 alpacas was sham inoculated with phosphate buffered saline as control. After 5 weeks all animals were challenged with a dose of 9 × 108 CFU of C. pseudotuberculosis inoculated SC in the right flank. The alpacas were clinically inspected for local and regional abscesses, body temperature and behavior changes. The primary infected alpacas had a febrile response, and abscesses at the inoculation point and regional lymph nodes. However, after challenge, the primary infected animals showed no superficial lesions or febrile response. In contrast, the immune naïve alpacas from group D developed a severe disease characterized by fever, abscesses in regional lymphnodes, and in one alpaca a subcutaneous edema and sudden death 2 weeks after exposure. In addition, primary infected alpacas had a robust antibody response against C. pseudotuberculosis cell wall antigen with significant differences with respect the naïve challenged alpacas. At necropsy, the primary infected alpacas had abscesses only in the regional or internal renal-lymph nodes from the left or primary inoculation side of the body, with no lesions in the right challenged side. In contrast, the primary sham inoculated alpacas had abscesses in the regional and internal lymph nodes from the right challenged side. This work showed that a primary infection with at least 1.1 × 103 viable C. pseudotuberculosis induces protection against a second high dose exposure to this bacterium. These results will be useful for further study of prevention methods to control lymphadenitis in alpacas. |
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