Aluminium-induced changes in the profiles of both organic acids and phenolic substances underlie Al tolerance in Rumex acetosa L. |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), 9052 Gent, Belgium;2. Department of Plant Biotechnology and Genetics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium;3. Department of Biochemistry, University of Riverside, CA 92521, USA;1. MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China;2. Department of Applied Engineering, Zhejiang Economic and Trade Polytechnic, Hangzhou, 310018, China;1. Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China;3. Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China;4. College of life sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.;5. The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi, PR China;1. Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. B. O′Higgins, 3363 Santiago, Chile;2. Centro Interactivo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O′Higgins, General Gana 1780, 8370854 Santiago, Chile;3. Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, 9170124 Santiago, Chile;4. Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Bernardo O′Higgins, Fabrica 1990, Segundo Piso, Santiago, Chile |
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| Abstract: | The common sorrel, Rumex acetosa L. is well adapted to acid mineral soils with high availability of phytotoxic Al species. The mechanisms of Al resistance in this species are not established. Our goal was to assess the possible implications of organic acids and phenolic substances in Al detoxification in roots and shoots of this plant. R. acetosa plants were exposed in nutrient solution (pH 4.3) to a non-growth reducing Al concentration of 50 μM Al for 5 days. Exclusion of Al from root tips was visualized by haematoxylin staining. Tissue Al and Ca concentrations were analysed by ICP ES. Root and shoot concentrations of organic acids and phenolic substances were analysed by HPLC. A time-dependent (model II type) Al exclusion pattern in root tips was observed. Nonetheless, high Al concentrations accumulated in roots (1170 μg/g) and shoots (275 μg/g). Aluminium supply enhanced root citrate concentrations but decreased shoot organic acid levels. Aluminium induced high levels of anthraquinone in roots and of catechol, catechin and rutin in shoots. Aluminium resistance in R. acetosa implies both exclusion of Al from root tips and tolerance to high Al tissue concentrations. Citrate in roots and phenolics in shoots may bind Al in non-toxic form. Anthraquinones, as strong antioxidants, may play a role in a general defence response to the root stress. |
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