Antigenic determinants expressed by human C4 allotypes; a study of 325 families provides evidence for the structural antigenic model |
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Authors: | Carolyn M. Giles Beatrice Uring-Lambert Joelle Goetz Georges Hauptmann Angela H. L. Fielder William Ollier Christian Rittner Tracy Robson |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Immunology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, W12 OHS London, UK;(2) Institut d'Hematologie, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, F-67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France;(3) Department of Immunology, London Hospital Medical College, Turner Street, El 2AD London, UK;(4) Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Am Pulverturm 3, D-6500 Mainz, Germany |
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Abstract: | The antigenic determinants of human C4 have been defined by human IgG antisera, Rodgers (Rg) and Chido (Ch), in hemagglutination-inhibition assays (HAI). Eight (2 Rg and 6 Ch) are of high frequency, > 90% , and 1, WH, is of low frequency, 15 %. The phenotypic combinations are complex; generally, C4A expresses Rg, and C4B has Ch, but reverse antigenicities have been established both by HAI and by sequence data of selected C4 allotypes. A study of 325 families provides data on the antigenic expression of each C4 allotype and demonstrates strong associations. A structural model for the antigenic determinants of C4 proteins has been proposed and is completely supported by the family material. Of the 16 possible antigenic combinations for C4 proteins, only 3 are undetected. A new Ch combination has been recorded in two French families. The reported sequence variation within the C4d region can account for the antigenic determinants but leaves the location of electrophoretic variation in C4 still unclear. |
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