Pattern of space use by female black bears in the White River National Wildlife Refuge,Arkansas, USA |
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| Institution: | 1. Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n. Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua CP 32310, Mexico;2. Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Laboratorio de Ecología y Biodiversidad Animal, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n. Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua CP 32310, Mexico;3. Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n. Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua CP 32310, Mexico;4. Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus San Luis Potosí, Ciudad de Salinas Hidalgo, Municipio de Salinas, Iturbide 73, Salinas de Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí CP 78600, Mexico;1. Department of Conservation Services, Government of Bermuda, P.O. Box FL 145, FL BX, Bermuda;2. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall Campus, Cork, Ireland;3. Fort Environmental Laboratories, 515 South Duncan, Stillwater, OK OK74074, USA;1. University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America;2. University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, United States of America |
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| Abstract: | The manner in which space is used by animals may influence several aspects of biology, including the pattern of resource use and intra-specific competition. We monitored 16 radio-collared female black bears (Ursus americanus) for 9,216 radio days during 1993–1995 in the White River National Wildlife Refuge (WRNWR), Arkansas, U.S.A. to investigate space use patterns. Annual home ranges (95% convex polygon) ranged from 2.10 to 11.34 km2 with a mean (± SD) size of 4.90 (± 2.09) km2 (n = 16). Largest home ranges were occupied by 2 females with yearlings during one year of study. Home ranges among neighbouring bears overlapped considerably. Although bears maintained larger home ranges during summer, the size of home range did not differ among seasons (P > 0.50). Our estimates of home range size for female black bears were smaller than those obtained in a study of the same population during 1979–1982. Because the size of the bear population at WRNWR was substantially smaller (about 130 bears) during 1979–1982 compared to the present population of ≥348 bears, these results suggested that population density and size of female black bear home ranges may be negatively correlated. Conservation implications of density-dependent space use pattern are also discussed. |
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