Modelling sponge species diversity using a morphological predictor: a tropical test of a temperate model |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, University College Cork, Ireland;2. FRONTIER, The Society for Environmental Exploration, London, U.K.;3. School of Applied Sciences, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Rhondda Cynon Taff, Wales, CF37 1DL, U.K.;4. British Antarctic Society, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, U.K.;1. British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environmental Research Council, Cambridge, UK;2. Istituto di Scienze Marine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy;3. Istituto per lo studio degli impatti Antropici e Sostenibilita'' in ambiente Marino, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Campobello di Mazara, Italy;1. Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Šetalište Ivama Meštrovića 63, 21000 Split, Croatia;2. Polytechnic University of Marche, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;3. Faculty of Science, University of Split, Teslina 12, Split, Croatia;4. Boston University, Biological Science Center, 5 Cummington Street, Boston, MA 02215-2406, USA;5. Université de Brest, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Laboratoire des Sciences de l''Environnement Marin (LEMAR UMR6539 UBO/CNRS/IRD), rue Dumont d''Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France;1. University of Alabama, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Box 870276, Tuscaloosa, AL 35406, USA;2. US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180, USA;3. University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 259 Boulevard Alfonso Valdes, Mayaguez, PR 00681, USA;4. US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180, USA;5. National Synchrotron Light Source at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Beamline X27A, Bldg 725, Upton, NY 11973, USA;1. National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8648, Japan;2. Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 116 Katsurakoi, Kushiro, Hokkaido, 085-0802, Japan;3. Headquarters, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-3-3 Minatomirai, Nishi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 220-6115, Japan |
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| Abstract: | The contribution of sponges to marine surveys is often underestimated due to problems of identification, synonymous species and limited numbers of specialists in the field. Bell & Barnes (2001) illustrated how sponge morphological diversity (diversity of body forms) might be used as a predictor of sponge species diversity and richness. This study investigated these relationships at six tropical West Indian Ocean localities in a number of habitat types. These habitats included tropical coral reefs, soft substratum (seagrass, mangrove and sand), caves and boulders. Sampling was undertaken at three depth zones in coral reef habitats only (intertidal, 10–15 m and 20–25 m), with the other habitats sampled in less than 10m of water. Species diversity and richness were significantly correlated (P < 0.05) with morphological diversity at all localities and depths in coral reef and soft substratum habitats. However, no significant correlation was found between these variables in cave or boulder habitats. The slope of the linear regression found between morphological diversity and species diversity did not significantly differ between coral reef, soft substratum and temperate reef (data taken from Bell & Barnes 2001) habitats. Similarly coral reefs showed the same relationship between morphological diversity and species richness as temperate reefs, however the relationship between morphological diversity and species richness was significantly different at both habitats compared with soft substratum environments. Sponge morphological diversity therefore may be more useful as a predictor of sponge species diversity, rather than species richness, as the former relationship is common between more habitats than the latter. |
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