杂交水稻和不育系种子的劣变与生理生化变化

杂交水稻和不育系种子在人工加速老化处理后,其发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数均比常规水稻种子下降迅速。在人工老化过程中,前者种子浸泡液的外渗氨基酸和钾离子含量均比后者高,游离的有机酸、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量增加的速度相似,均大于常规水稻种子。蛋白酶活性和可溶性蛋白质含量的增减,在易发生劣变种子与常规水稻种子之间均有显著差异。

THE DETERIORATION AND THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES OF HYBRID RICE SEEDS

The deterioration and the physiological and biochemical changes in seeds ofhybrid rice Shanyou 2 and its male-sterite maternal variety Zhenshan 97A duringaccelerated aging were studied. During accelerated aging, germination rate andvigor index of the seeds of Shanyou 2 and Zhenshan 97A decreased more rapidly-than those of the seeds of IR24. Correspondingly the contents of free organicacids, free fatty acids, free amino acids and the activity of proteinase in Shanyou2 and Zhenshan 97A seeds all increased more rapidly than those in IR24 seeds.Similar changes were also found in the contents of amino acids and potassium ionsin the leakage of these seeds. In contrast, the soluble protein content of Shanyou.2 and Zhenshan 97A seeds decreased more rapidly than that of IR24 seeds. It issuggested that the rapid deterioration of Shanyou 2 and Zhenshan 97A seeds beclosely correlated with the changes in the integrity of cell membrane, activity ofproteinase and the accumulation of free acids in the seeds during aging.