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Chromosome polymorphism in Avena ventricosa
Authors:Dr. Tibor Rajhathy
Affiliation:(1) Canada Department of Agriculture, Research Branch, Ottawa, Ontario;(2) Central Experimental Farm, K1A OC6 Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Abstract:The same karyotype which was described previously in A. ventricosa plants from Oran, Algeria was found in plants from Cyprus and in most of the plants from the Apsheron Peninsula, U.S.S.R. This karyotype, which consists of subterminal chromosomes, was designated Cv1. In the karyotype of about one-third of the Apsheron plants a single pair of submedian chromosomes replaced a pair of long subterminals. This karyotype was designated Cv2. The chromosomes formed 7II at meiosis in both Cv1Cv1and Cv1Cv2hybrids regardless of geographic origin. A heteromorphic bivalent was apparent in PMCs in the Cv1Cv2hybrids. A pericentric inversion was postulated as the origin of the submedian pair, the Cv2Cv2karyotype being the inversion homozygote. The absence of duplication-deficiency gametes was inferred from the good fertility of the heterozygote. Members of the heteromorphic pair were transmitted in equal proportion and the segregates Cv1Cv1, Cv1Cv2and Cv2Cv2were equally fertile; thus the inversion did not handicap reproduction. The small contemporary colonies of A. ventricosa, with peripheral locations and vast distances between them, because of the full homology and interfertility, are considered remnants of a formerly large central population.Contribution No 282 from the Research Station, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario.This paper is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Barna Györffy, whose untimely death on August 5, 1970 ended a distinguished career that was an example of integrity and scholarship to a troubled generation of Hungarian geneticists.
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