Effects of age and sex on pattern electroretinograms and visual evoked potentials |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Neurology, Loyola University of Chicago Medical Center and Hines Veterans Administration Hospital, Maywood, IL 60153 U.S.A.;2. Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 U.S.A.;1. University of Cambridge, Churchill College, Storey’s Way, Cambridge, UK;2. Clinical Epilepsy Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Building 10, Room 7-5680, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20814-1408, USA;3. Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA;4. Electroencephalography Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA;1. Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal;2. CIPsi School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal;3. Department of Counseling and Applied Educational Psychology, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA;4. Spaulding Center of Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;1. Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain;2. Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Pattern-electroretinograms (P-ERGs) and visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were simulataneously recorded in 112 normal individuals aged 20–75. Two sized checks subtending 15′ and 31′ were used as stimuli. A weighted regression analysis was used to determine which of the variables, sex or age, was significant. The latency of the a and b wave of the P-ERGs showed a progressive increase with age but no difference between sexes. The effect was statistically significant for both 15′ and 31′ checks. There was no statistically significant aging effects for VEPs elicited by 31′ checks. Aging, however, affected N70, P100, and the interpeak interval between b wave to N70 and b wave to P100 for responses to 15′ checks. Shorter VEP latencies were noted in females for both 15′ and 31′ checks.The simultaneous recording of P-ERGs and VEPs has demonstrated that aging is a major variable at the retinal level. The effects on the a and b waves are mostly due to optic changes with aging and only partially to aging changes in the neuronal retinal circuitry. The effect of aging on VEPs is different for different size stimuli. The cause is a random neuronal cell loss in the visual pathways from the optic nerve to the visual cortex as the individual ages.The difference in VEP data between sexes may be related to anatomical size and hormonal influences. |
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