Regeneration of calabrian pine from juvenile needles |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada;2. Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada;3. Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, A-1010 Vienna, Austria;4. Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Podwale 75, 50-449 Wroclaw, Poland;5. School of Geographical and Earth Sciences, University of Glasgow, Molema Building, Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK;6. School of Earth and Planetary Science, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia;7. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada;8. Canada Aviation and Space Museum, Ingenium, 11 Aviation Parkway, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;9. Centre for Terrestrial and Planetary Exploration, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 2E9, Canada;10. Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Division, NASA Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Road One, Houston, TX 77058, USA;1. Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women''s Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;2. Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;3. Frantz Medical Group, 7740 Metric Dr., Mentor, OH 44060, USA;4. Preventive Oncology International, 19601 Van Aken Blvd, Apt P5, Shaker Heights, OH 44122-3508, USA;5. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Oncology, and Pathology, USA |
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| Abstract: | Cytokinins applied in an agar medium induced adventitious buds on cultured needles from seedling of Pinus brutia Ten. Cytokinins applied as pulses to the explants prior to culture were less effective. Irrespective of the mode of cytokinin application, 8 weeks was the time required to bring about bud formation. Organogenetic potential of the cultured needles decreased with chronological age of the explanted seedlings. The induced buds grew into elongated shoots on culture medium without cytokinins, but the inclusion of activated charcoal (1%) doubled the elongation rate. There was an indication that mixtures of cytokinins were more effective than separate cytokinins in producing buds on explants, but the difference between treatments did not achieve statistical significance. Parenchyma cells in mesophyll layers were evidently the target cells responding to the culture conditions. After a period of activity and division in these cells, meristematic zones developed which later led to formation of bud primordia, and subsequently these primordia developed into well-formed adventitious buds. Subsequent rooting (64%) of shoots was achieved using a combination of two auxins and a low level of cytokinin. |
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