Development and linkage mapping of novel sex-linked markers for marker-assisted cultivar breeding in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) |
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Authors: | Mortaza Khodaeiaminjan Ebru Kafkas Murat Güney Salih Kafkas |
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Affiliation: | 1.Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture,University of ?ukurova,Adana,Turkey;2.Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture,University of Bozok,Yozgat,Turkey |
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Abstract: | The dioecious character of Pistacia vera L (the pistachio tree) limits its breeding capacity. Thus, early stage selection of males can save time, labor, and land. This study aimed to develop sex-linked single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, together with expressed sequence tag-derived simple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs), to determine position of the sex locus in pistachio by constructing a linkage map of its sex chromosome for the first time. Nine novel sex-linked SNP markers were successfully identified by SNaPshot minisequencing analysis of 25 SNP loci from 17 restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) reads in 309 individuals. All nine markers were heterozygous in females and homozygous in males supporting a ZW/ZZ sex determination system in pistachio. A total of 105 segregating SSRs and sex-linked markers were used to identify the sex chromosome and the position of the sex locus through analysis of a Siirt × Ba?yolu F1 population with 122 progenies. Of these 105 markers, four common and four paternal SSRs were mapped onto the sex chromosome, along with the phenotypic sex locus and sex-linked markers. The resulting consensus map had a total length of 65.19 cM. The sex locus and sex-linked SNP markers were located in the center of the chromosome at a distance of 31.86 and 31.92 cM, respectively. This study presents valuable information about the sex chromosome and sex locus position as well as novel polymorphic EST-SSRs and nine sex-linked SNP markers in pistachio. |
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