骨髓间充质干细胞成肌和成脂分化的调控

骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)是来源于骨髓基质的一类具有高度自我更新能力和多向分化潜能的成体干细胞.因其具有容易获取、体外扩增方便迅速、移植排斥反应较弱等优点而成为临床应用的理想细胞模型.骨髓间充质干细胞向成肌和成脂的分化对动物机体内肌肉和脂肪的组成具有直接影响,因而与肉品质及人类健康息息相关.本文综述了骨髓间充质干细胞定向分化为骨骼肌细胞和脂肪细胞的过程及其调控机制,并重点分析了关键调控因子PRDM16(PR domain-containing16)和骨形态发生蛋白(bone morphogenetic proteins,BMPs)在骨髓间充质干细胞成肌和成脂分化中的作用.

Regulation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation into Skeletal Muscle Cells and Adipocytes

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult pluripotent stem cells with a great self-renewal capacity and multi-differentiation potential. Because of their easy acquisition, rapid expansion, weak transplantation rejection and other advantages, bone-MSCs have been attractive candidates for clinical applications. Meanwhile, the composition of animal muscle and fat is closely related to animal health, as well as the quality of animal byproducts, so the mechanisms of bone-MSCs differentiating into skeletal muscle cells and adipocytes have attracted great interest of researchers. This paper reviewed the differentiation and regulation of bone-MSCs into skeletal muscle cells and fat cells, and highlighted the important roles of the key regulatory factors PRDM16 (PR domain-containing 16) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) during the differentiation process of the cells.