全缘叶绿绒蒿的花内热量来源和温度调节功能

为探究全缘叶绿绒蒿( Meconopsis integrifolia )的花内热量来源和温度调节功能,该研究选择在全缘叶绿绒蒿的巴朗山居群,对其进行遮阴及去瓣处理,并采用红外热像仪监测全缘叶绿绒蒿的花内微环境温度日变化及花器官温度,用环境温度计监测环境温度。结果表明:(1)太阳照射显著提高全缘叶绿绒蒿花内微环境温度和花器官温度,全缘叶绿绒蒿的热量主要来源于太阳辐射。花内微环境昼夜温差显著低于环境昼夜温差,全缘叶绿绒蒿的花具有温度调节功能。(2)白天环境温度较高时,太阳照射显著提高全缘叶绿绒蒿花内微环境温度,花瓣会降低花内微环境温度; 夜间环境温度较低时,花瓣闭合会提高花内微环境温度; 花瓣闭合运动降低了花内微环境昼夜温差,产生了保温效果。(3)在太阳照射下,花器官温度差异显著,雌雄蕊温度显著高于花瓣温度,且花器官温度由雌蕊柱头中心点向外递减,全缘叶绿绒蒿能有效调控花器官各部位的温度。综上认为,全缘叶绿绒蒿的花内热量来源于太阳辐射,主要通过花瓣闭合运动降低花内微环境昼夜温差并能在太阳照射下调节各花器官的温度实现温度调节功能。

Floral heat source and temperature regulation function in Meconopsis integrifolia

In order to explore the floral heat source and temperature regulation function of Meconopsis integrifolia in the late July of 2017 and 2018, we conducted two treatments, the shaded treatment and the petal removal treatment in the Balang Mountain population. A infrared temperature imager was used to monitor the daily dynamics of within-flower air temperature and the temperature of different floral organs of M. integrifolia; the ambient temperature was monitored by an environmental thermometer. The results were as follows:(1)Solar radiation significantly increased the within-flower air temperature and the flower temperature of M. integrifolia, and the heat of M. integrifolia flowers resulted mainly from solar radiation. The within-flower air temperature showed significantly lower difference between day and night than the ambient temperature, so M. integrifolia has a kind of floral temperature regulation function.(2)When the ambient temperature was high during the daytime, the solar radiation significantly increased the within-flower air temperature of M. integrifolia, and the petals reduced the within-flower air temperature; When the nighttime ambient temperature was low, the petals closure increased the within-flower air temperature, and the closed motion of the petals effectively reduce the within-flower air temperature difference between the day and night and produced a certain thermal insulation effect.(3)In the sun, the temperature difference of the floral organs was significant, the pistil and stamen temperatures were significantly higher than the petal temperature, and the temperature of the floral organs decreased from the center point of the pistil stigma to the outside. M. integrifolia could effectively regulate the temperature of various floral organs. M. integrifolia has a thermal regulation function, mainly through the petal closure to reduce the within-flower air temperature difference between the day and night and regulating temperatures of various floral organs in the sun. However, the temperature regulation mechanism is still unclear, and the adaptative significance needs further study.