我国现有的金鱼品种的分类及其系统发育的探讨1)

一、引言 金鱼是我国广大人民乐于饲养的一种家养观赏鱼类。它是由野生红黄色鲫鱼演变而来的。明朝李时珍在《本草纲目》中记载:金鱼“述异记载晋桓冲游庐山,见湖中有赤鳞鱼,即此也。”他还写道:“自宋始有畜者,今则处处家养玩矣。”因此可以认为金鱼起源于我国晋朝(公元265—420年间)。至今已有一千多年的历史了。 李璞(1959)报道了我国的金鱼品种已有二十余个。徐金声等(1980)报道有143个之多。耶么迄今为止我国的金鱼品种究竟有多少呢?为了弄清我国的金鱼品种资源,作者曾在北京等十七个省市的各大公园和花木公司所属鱼场作了调查。在调查过程中,我们

TAXONOMY AND PHYLOGENY OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF THE GOLDFISH (CARASSIUS AURATUS) IN CHINA

The domestication of goldfish, originated in China in Jin Dynasty (265-420), has a history of over one thousand years. Now there are about two hundred varie ties of goldfish in China-Owing to the lack of a satisfactory sytem of nomenclature, the names of the different varieties have been in a stage of great confusion.In the present study, attempts are made to formulate a system of nomenclature for the different varieties of the goldfish. Firstly, we have tried to use body form and the presence or absence of dorsal fin as the oriferia to classify them into three groups: (1) Grass goldfish body form narrow and long as the wild crucian carp; (2) Dorsal-fin goldfish body form round and short and possessing a dorsal fin; (3) Egg goldfish Without a dorsal fin. Secondly, on the basis of specific characters as well as a combination of different characters, they are classified into different strains. Thirdly, nomenclature is given on the basis of colour difference.An attempt is also made to consider the interrelationships amony the different strains of the goldfish.