Histone tail network and modulation in a nucleosome |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan;2. Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan;1. Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;2. The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, China;3. Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;4. Human Phenome Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;1. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA;2. Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylül University Health Campus, Balçova, Izmir 35330, Turkey;3. Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Site Santé – Allée des Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France |
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| Abstract: | The structural unit of eukaryotic chromatin is a nucleosome, comprising two histone H2A/H2B heterodimers and one histone (H3/H4)2 tetramer, wrapped around by ∼146-bp core DNA and linker DNA. Flexible histone tails sticking out from the core undergo posttranslational modifications that are responsible for various epigenetic functions. Recently, the functional dynamics of histone tails and their modulation within the nucleosome and nucleosomal complexes have been investigated by integrating NMR, molecular dynamics simulations, and cryo-electron microscopy approaches. In particular, recent NMR studies have revealed correlations in the structures of histone N-terminal tails between H2A and H2B, as well as between H3 and H4 depending on linker DNA, suggesting that histone tail networks exist even within the nucleosome. |
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