Using biofeedback to optimize scapular muscle activation ratios during a seated resisted scaption exercise |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Physical Therapy, Nazareth College, Rochester, NY, United States;2. Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States;1. Division of Applied Mechanics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Canada;2. Department of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Canada;3. Institut de recherche Robert Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, Montréal, Canada;4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;5. Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Institut universitaire sur la réadaptation en déficience physique de Montréal (IURDPM), Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Ile-de-Montréal (CCSMTL), Canada;1. INRIA, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France;2. Neurinnov, Montpellier, France;1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita Hospital, 2–6-12 Takara, Chiryu City, Aichi 472–0056, Japan;2. Department of Rehabilitation, Akita Hospital, Chiryu, Japan;3. Department of Rehabilitation and Care, Seijoh University, 2–172 Fukinodai, Tokai City, Aichi 476–8588, Japan;1. Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA;2. Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;3. Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA;4. Faculty of Biomedical and Rehabilitation Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China;5. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA;6. Guangdong Work Injury Rehabilitation Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;7. Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA |
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| Abstract: | Impairments in muscle activation have been linked to increased risk of developing shoulder pathologies such as subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) and associated rotator cuff injuries. Individuals with SIS have demonstrated increased upper trapezius (UT) muscle activation and reduced serratus anterior (SA) and lower trapezius (LT) muscle activation, which can be collectively represented as ratios (UT/SA and UT/LT). Targeted exercise is an important component of shoulder rehabilitation programs to re-establish optimal muscle activation and ratios. Electromyography (EMG) biofeedback during exercise has been shown to reduce UT activation and favorably alter scapular muscle activation ratios, however, a literature gap exists regarding the efficacy of other types of biofeedback. Therefore, we compared the effects of three types of biofeedback (visual EMG, auditory, verbal cues) on UT/SA and UT/LT ratios during a seated resisted scaption exercise in fifteen subjects without shoulder pain. Baseline muscle activation was recorded and compared to real-time muscle activation during each randomized biofeedback trial. All biofeedback types showed improvements in the UT/SA and UT/LT ratios, with visual EMG demonstrating a significant change in UT/LT ratio (p < 0.05). These results suggest that biofeedback could be utilized as a component of rehabilitation programs to prevent or treat shoulder pain. |
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| Keywords: | Biofeedback Exercise Muscle ratio Serratus anterior Shoulder pain Subacromial impingement Surface electromyography Trapezius |
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