First dendrochronological studies of Quercus protoroburoides |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Geography, Planning and Spatial Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay 7005 Australia;2. School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, University of Melbourne, Richmond 3121, Australia;3. Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia;4. School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay 7005 Australia;1. School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;2. Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;3. CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing 100044, China;4. College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. Latvian State Forest Research Institute ‘Silava’, 111 Rigas Str., LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia;2. Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Str. 1, LV-1010 Riga, Latvia;3. Thünen Institute of Forest Genetics, Eberswalder Chaussee 3a, D-15377 Waldsieversdorf, Germany;4. Department of Silviculture and Genetics of Forest Trees, Forest Research Institute, Braci Leśnej 3,05-090 Raszyn, Poland;1. Laboratorio de Dendrocronología de Zonas Áridas. CIGEOBIO (CONICET-UNSJ), San Juan, Argentina, Gabinete de Geología Ambiental (INGEO-UNSJ), Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (oeste), J5402DCS Rivadavia, San Juan, Argentina;2. Laboratorio de Dendrocronología e Historia Ambiental, IANIGLA-CCT CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina;3. Hémera Centro de Observación de la Tierra, Escuela de Ingeniería Forestal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago 8580745, Chile;4. Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco‑Security, Institute of International Rivers and Eco‑Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China;1. Professorship for Land Surface-Atmosphere Interactions, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany;2. Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, FK9 4LA Scotland, UK;3. Forest Research, Northern Research Station, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9SY, Scotland, UK;1. Laboratoire des sciences du climat et de l''environnement (LSCE), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, UVSQ, Orme de Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;2. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CONICET, Av. Ruiz Leal s/n Parque General San Martín, Mendoza, Argentina;3. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Padre Contreras 1300, Mendoza, Argentina;4. Tree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Route 9 W, Palisades, NY 10964, USA;5. CREAF, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vall.s), Barcelona, Spain;6. ICREA, Pg. Llu.s Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Quercus protoroburoides Donchev and Bouzov ex Tashev and Tsavkov (Rila oak) is a species with extremely limited and localized distribution. It is found only on several locations on slopes above Rila Monastery in Rila Mountains (Bulgaria) at elevations between 1500 m and 1750 m a.s.l. The trees are in small groups or scattered, usually situated on ridges slightly higher than the local population of sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) and above mixed fir-beech forests. The species was first discovered and described in 1968 by Boris Buzov, but was officially validated in 2017 by Tashev and Tsavkov. Up to this moment there were no dendrochronological studies of the species and there is general lack of data on how climate affects its growth. Our aim was to contribute to filling this knowledge gap. In our study we analyzed 42 series (22 trees) from Q. protoroburoides from two locations (Drushlyavitsa and Brichebor) and compared them to cores from Q. petraea from the same region. The Rila oak trees varied in age from 30 to 170 years. Nearly half of them were about 50 years old. The composed tree-ring chronology spans from 1856 to 2019 with more than 5 included series after 1870. The sessile oak trees were generally older and the chronology spanned from 1743, having more than 4 series after 1786. The climate-growth analysis with local and gridded data revealed positive effects on growth of previous August and current April-June precipitation, positive correlations with previous May-June temperatures and negative with August temperatures. Most of the pointer years with low growth were characterized by extreme climate conditions, such as summer droughts, unusually cold summers or delayed start of the vegetation period due to late frost events at the end of May or early June. Our data indicate that Q. protoroburoides and Q. petraea trees at this unusually high location for oaks are sensitive to climate conditions including summer droughts. |
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| Keywords: | Rila oak Sessile oak Tree-ring width South-Eastern Europe Bulgaria Rila mountains |
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