Wood anatomy and vessel characteristics of spiny monkey orange (Strychnos spinosa) in Benin (West Africa) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 526 Cotonou, Benin;2. World Agroforestry (ICRAF), P.O. Box 30677–00100, Nairobi, Kenya;3. Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wetterkreuz 15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;4. UFR Sciences de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan, Côte d′Ivoire;5. Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d′Ivoire, 01 BP 1303 Abidjan, Côte d′Ivoire;1. School of Geography, Planning and Spatial Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay 7005 Australia;2. School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, University of Melbourne, Richmond 3121, Australia;3. Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia;4. School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay 7005 Australia;1. School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada;2. Mistik Askiwin Dendrochronology Lab, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada;3. Department of Geography, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada;4. Global Institute for Water Security, Saskatoon, SK, Canada;5. Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada;6. Centre d’étude de la forêt, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada;7. Département Science et Technologie, Téluq, Université du Québec, Montréal, QC, Canada;8. Environment and Climate Change Canada, Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division, Saskatoon, SK, Canada;9. Stantec Consulting Ltd., Saskatoon, SK, Canada;1. Institute of Forest Sciences, Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Tennenbacher Str. 4, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;2. Department of Forest and Wood Science, Stellenbosch University, South Africa;1. University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS). Av. Unisinos, 950, Cristo Rei, 93022-750 São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil;2. Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Escola de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ) – Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Cx. Postal 9 CEP, Piracicaba 13418-900, SP, Brazil;1. BioGeCo, INRAE, University of Bordeaux, F-33610 Cestas, France;2. Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Silva, F-54000 Nancy, France;3. ISPA, INRAE, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France;1. Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, Parque Califórnia, sala 25, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28013-602, Brazil;2. Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524-PHLC, sala 224. Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550-900, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | The response of plant species to varying climate conditions in tropical Africa remains poorly understood but can be assessed using wood anatomical traits. These traits play an important role for the adaptive capacity of a species to environmental stress, since environmental conditions can modify the proportion, size, and morphology of wood anatomical elements. This study reports quantitative data on vessel characteristics of the diffuse porous angiosperm Spiny monkey orange (Strychnos spinosa Lam.) in Benin in tropical West Africa. The vessel-related anatomical traits varied with high amplitude (coefficient of variation CV ˃ 25%) between different sites located in different climate zones. The variability of the traits is higher within one climatic zone than between climatic zones, and even more pronounced within trees. Consequently, the climatic zones have less influence on the studied features than local site conditions. However, the study showed that S. spinosa individuals that have numerous vessels also have a high lumen fraction and total ring area. On the other hand, individuals presenting a high vessel density also display vessels of smaller size. The correlation between vessel number and total ring area on the one hand, and between vessel size and lumen fraction on the other hand are highly significant and positive. In Benin, S. spinosa wood anatomical traits are likely linked to local site factors rather than to regional climatic factors. |
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| Keywords: | Quantitative wood anatomy Vessel characteristics Climatic influence Benin |
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