小麦-簇毛麦新种质山农05078的鉴定(简报)

簇毛麦（Dasypyrum villosum,VV,2n=14）属禾本科小麦族小麦亚族簇毛麦属,分蘖力比较强,多花,籽粒蛋白质含量高,耐旱,抗寒性好,高抗锈病、全蚀病和白粉病。硬簇麦（AABBVV,2n=42）是利用硬粒小麦和簇毛麦杂交人工合成的双二倍体,保留了簇毛麦的优良性状和特点，是进行小麦遗传改良的优良中间材料。人工合成小麦Am3（AABBDD，2n=42）是利用波斯小麦与粗山羊草杂交后染色体加倍而形成的双二倍体，但它所具有的A、B、D染色体组可能与经过多年分化的普通小麦所含的A、B、D染色体组不同，

CHARACTERIZATION OF TRITICUM AESTIVUM-DASYPYRUM VILLOSUM GERMPLASMS SHANNONG05078

A germplasm line Shannong05078 was developed from the progenies of Am3 x Triticum aestivum-Dasypyrum villosum amphidiploid, the purpose of this study is to ascertain the genome composition of Shannong05078 and then supply wheat breeding with reference. The results showed that Shannong05078 was stable in morphology characters and presenting favorable agronomic traits, it was resistant to powdery mildew and rust. Its protein content was higher, and the HWM-GS of it was 7+8, 5+10. The chromosome number of Shannong05078 was 2n=28, and the chromosome configuration was 2n=14 II at the PMC MI. SSR analysis showed that Shannong05078 contained the whole A and B genomes, and had little genetic materials from D genome. A specific primer of Dasypyrum villosum (phv29) was used to identify the genetic materials form Dasypyrum villosum in Shannong05078, and specific band of Dasypyrum villosum appeared in it. It can be deduced that the genomic composition of Shannong05078 is 2n=AABB=28, and genetic materials of D genome and Dasypyrum villosum were translated into Shannong05078.