2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉血管病变的超声诊断分析

目的：分析2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉血管病变超声诊断的意义，为临床超声诊断提供理论依据。方法：选取我院2011年4月--2012年10月收治的100例2型糖尿病患者作为观察组，另选取同期100例健康体检者作为对照组。对比两组下肢动脉彩色多普勒超声检测结果的差异。结果：观察组检出85例斑块、23例狭窄、13例闭塞，对照组分别为21例、12例及0例；观察组下肢动脉管腔斑块、狭窄和闭塞发生率显著高于对照组（P〉O．05）；病程10--15年的患者，其足背动脉管径为（1．25±0．07）mm，显著低于对照组；病程超过25年的患者，全部下肢动脉血管管径均显著低于对照组（P〈O．05）；观察组股前动脉、胫后动脉及足背动脉血流速度明显低于对照组（P〈0．05），两组人群股总动脉、胭动脉血流速度无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论：超声可有效反映2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉血管病变情况，且具有无创、可多次检查等优势，费用较低，降低了患者诊疗负担，为血管病变的早期诊断提供了有利条件，也在预防和控制患者糖尿病足等并发症方面起到了重要作用。

Application of Ultrasonic Diagnosis on Lower Extremity Arterial Vascular Disease for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Objective： To analyze the significance of ultrasound diagnosis of type 2 diabetic patients with lower extremity arterial vascular lesions, and provide a theoretical basis for the ultrasound in the diagnosis of lower extremity arterial type 2 diabetes. Methods： 100 cases of type 2 diabetic patients who were treated in our hospital from April 2011 to October 2012 were selected to be the observa- tion group, and another 100 healthy people were defined as the control group. Then to compare the difference of lower extremity arterial color Doppler ultrasound between two groups. Results： 85 cases with plaque in the observation group were detected, including 23 cases with stenosis, 13 cases with occlusion, while 21 cases, were detected in the control group, including 12 and 0 respectively. There were statistically significant differences of the lower extremity arterial lumen plaque, stenosis and occlusion between two groups, which in the observation group were higher than those of the control group （P〉0.05）; the dorsal artery of foot diameter was （1.25＋ 0.07） mm of pa- tients with 10-15 years disease course which was significantly lower than that of the control group; the, all of lower extremity arterial di- ameter of patients with disease course more than 25 years were significantly lower than those of the control group （P〈0.05）; Anterior femoral artery, posterior tibial artery and dorsalis pedis artery blood flow speed was significantly of observation group is lower than that of the control group （P〈 0.05）; there were no obvious statistical difference about the femoral artery and popliteal artery blood velocity be- tween two groups （P〉0.05）. Conclusions： Ultrasound can effectively reflect the situation of type 2 diabetic patients with lower extremity arterial disease, and is noninvasive, repeated inspection and other advantages of lower costs that could reduce the medical burden of pa- tients, provide favorable conditions for the early diagnosis of vascular disease and the prevention for foot complications.