刺五加提取物对早期断奶仔猪肠道微生物多态性的影响

选用21日龄断奶的三元杂交仔猪60头,随机分为3个处理,处理1饲喂添加0.1%刺五加提取物日粮,处理2饲喂添加0.02%硫酸粘杆菌素日粮,处理3饲喂基础日粮。分别于添加后第7、14和28 d从各处理随机取5头试猪,处死后无菌采集空肠、回肠和盲肠内容物,采用体外培养计数法和PCR/DGGE技术,测定其中乳酸杆菌和大肠杆菌的数量及细菌菌群的变化。结果表明,第7 d时,提取物组回肠内容物大肠杆菌数量显著低于对照组;各肠段内容物乳酸杆菌数量均显著高于其它2组。第14 d时,提取物组各肠段内容物大肠杆菌数量均显著低于其它2组;空肠和回肠内容物乳酸杆菌数量显著高于其它2组,且盲肠内容物乳酸杆菌数量显著高于对照组。第28 d时,提取物组空肠和回肠内容物大肠杆菌数量显著低于其它2组,盲肠内容物大肠杆菌数量也显著低于对照组;回肠内容物乳酸杆菌数量显著高于其它2组。各时间点提取物组盲肠内容物细菌DGGE条带数较对照组多,第28 d时空肠内容物细菌DGGE条带数比对照组多;3个处理间各肠段内容物DGGE图谱间的相似性均达56.9%以上。提示刺五加提取物有助于提高肠道内容物乳酸杆菌的数量,抑制大肠杆菌增殖,显著增加肠道微生物的多样性,这可能是其防治断奶仔猪腹泻、促进生长的机理之一。

Effect of Acanthopanax senticosus Extracts on Gut Microflora in Early-weaned Piglets

To investigate the effects of Acanthopanax senticosus extracts(ASE) on gut microflora in early-weaned piglets,sixty piglets weaned at 21 days of age were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups,representing supplementation with 0 or 1 g/kg of the ASE,or 0.2 g/kg of colistin(an antibiotic) to maize-and soybean meal-based diets(n=20 per group).On days 7,14 and 28 after initiation of the supplementation,five piglets per group were sacrificed,and then the contents from the ileum,jejunum and cecum collected for estimating the levels of Lactobacillus and E.coli by in vitro culturing methods and assessing globally the gut microflora by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR-DGGE) technique.Surface plate counting results showed that the counts of E.coli in ileal contents of the ASE group were significantly lower than that of the control group,while of Lactobacillus in all of the 3 intestinal sections' contents were significantly higher compared with the other 2 groups on day 7;counts of E.coli in all of 3 intestinal sections'contents of the ASE group were significantly lower,while of Lactobacillus in jejunum and ileum contents were significantly higher compared with the other 2 groups,and of lactobacillus in cecum contents were significantly higher than that of the control group on day 14;counts of E.coli in jejunum and ileum contents were significantly lower than those of other 2 groups,and in cecum were also lower than that of control group,while of Lactobacillus in jejunum contents were higher compared with the other 2 groups.DGGE profiles and sketch maps showed that the cecum microflora of the ASE group had more diversity than the other 2 groups,and of jejunum microflora also had more diversity than the control group.The similarities of 3 intestinals' contents in the 3 treatment groups were higher than 56.9%.These findings suggested that the ASE could promote the development of gut Lactobacillus and suppress of E.coli,and effectively promote the diversity of gut microbie,by which the Acanthopanax senticosus extracts treat diarrhea and improve the growth performance in early-weaned piglets.