NK cells eliminate Epstein-Barr virus bound to B cells through a specific antibody-mediated uptake |
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Authors: | Elisenda Alari-Pahissa,Michelle Ataya,Ilias Moraitis,Miriam Campos-Ruiz,Mireia Altadill,Aura Muntasell,Anna Moles,Miguel Ló pez-Botet |
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Affiliation: | 1. University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain ; 2. University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece ; 3. Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ; 4. Department of Experimental Pathology, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain ; 5. Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain ; 6. Immunology laboratory, Dpt. of Pathology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain ; University of Birmingham, UNITED KINGDOM |
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Abstract: | Epstein Barr virus (EBV) causes a highly prevalent and lifelong infection contributing to the development of some malignancies. In addition to the key role played by T cells in controlling this pathogen, NK cells mediate cytotoxicity and IFNγ production in response to EBV-infected B cells in lytic cycle, both directly and through antibody (Ab)-dependent activation. We recently described that EBV-specific Ab-dependent NK cell interaction with viral particles (VP) bound to B cells triggered degranulation and TNFα secretion but not B cell lysis nor IFNγ production. In this report we show that NK cell activation under these conditions reduced B cell transformation by EBV. NK cells eliminated VP from the surface of B cells through a specific and active process which required tyrosine kinase activation, actin polymerization and Ca2+, being independent of proteolysis and perforin. VP were displayed at the NK cell surface before being internalized and partially shuttled to early endosomes and lysosomes. VP transfer was encompassed by a trogocytosis process including the EBV receptor CD21, together with CD19 and CD20. Our study reveals a novel facet of the antibody-dependent NK cell mediated response to this viral infection. |
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