Proanthocyanidins Extracted from Rhododendron pulchrum Leaves as Source of Tyrosinase Inhibitors: Structure,Activity, and Mechanism |
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| Authors: | Wei-Ming Chai Rui Wang Man-Kun Wei Zheng-Rong Zou Rong-Gen Deng Wei-Sheng Liu Yi-Yuan Peng |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, People’s Republic of China.; 2. Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, People’s Republic of China.; University of Alabama at Birmingham, UNITED STATES, |
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| Abstract: | The objective of this study was to assess the structure, anti-tyrosinase activity, and mechanism of proanthocyanidins extracted from Rhododendron pulchrum leaves. Results obtained from mass spectra of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) revealed that proanthocyanidins were complex mixtures of procyanidins, prodelphinidins, propelargonidins, and their derivatives, among which procyanidins were the main components. The anti-tyrosinase analysis results indicated that the mixtures were reversible and mixed competitive inhibitors of tyrosinase. Interactions between proanthocyanidins with substrate (L-tyrosine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) and with copper ions were the important molecular mechanisms for explaining their efficient inhibition. This research would provide scientific evidence for the use of R. pulchrum leaf proanthocyanidins as new novel tyrosinase inhibitors. |
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