Tree-ring growth varies with climate and stand density in a red pine plantation forest in the Great Lakes region of North America |
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| Affiliation: | 1. McMaster University, School of Earth, Environment and Society and McMaster Centre for Climate Change, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada;2. Ontario Forest Research Institute, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, 1235 Queen St. East, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada;3. Brock University, Department of Geography and Tourism Studies, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada;1. School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China;2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Resources and Ecosystem Process, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China;1. Department of Earth and Environmental Systems, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA;2. Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;1. Institute of Archaeological Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland;2. Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research OCCR, University of Bern, Switzerland;3. Archaeological Service Canton of Bern, Switzerland;4. Center for Prehistoric Research, Skopje, North Macedonia;5. Museum of Macedonia, Skopje, North Macedonia;6. Institute for Protection of Monuments and Museum Ohrid, Ohrid, North Macedonia;7. Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland;8. Archaeological Museum of North Macedonia, Skopje, North Macedonia;1. Tree-Ring Services, Oakraven Field Centre, Mitcheldean, Gloucestershire GL17 0EE, UK;2. Ancient Yew Group, UK;1. Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia;2. CDV – Transport Research Centre, Brno, Czechia |
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| Abstract: | Red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) was widely planted across the Great Lakes region of North America in the early 20th century to restore tree cover to degraded forest and agricultural lands. In this study, a dendrochronological assessment of radial growth response to climate was conducted in an 82-year-old, previously thinned red pine plantation forest in southern Ontario, Canada. Climate-growth relationships were analyzed at multi-monthly and annual time scales using a 72-year residual growth chronology (1942–2013). Warmer temperatures and periodic drought during the current and previous growing seasons were associated with decreased growth, while higher precipitation during the early part of the current growing season was associated with increased growth. Moving interval correlation analysis of long-term trends indicated that climate-growth relations were temporally unstable due to thinning and variation in climate over the length of the chronology. The correlation between climate and growth was stronger when stand density was relatively high and diminished in the two decades following thinning. These results indicate that growth of red pine plantations near the species’ southern range limit may be much reduced if exposed to a warmer, drier future climate and that periodic thinning can help mitigate the impacts of future climate change on these plantations. |
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| Keywords: | Dendrochronology Climate Red pine Thinning Drought Great Lakes region |
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