23种顶蒴藓类孢子形态的观察

报道了中国２３种顶蒴藓类孢子的形态特征。观察结果显示：孢子形状有两类，球形和卵球形。孢子直径可分为４组：１０μm以下、１１－２０μm、２１－３０μm和３１μm以上。萌发孔有３种类型：近极薄壁区、单裂缝和无萌发孔。外壁纹饰有４种：棒状、瘤状、疣状和鼓槌状。孢子颜色有６种：黄褐色、黑褐色、金黄色、草绿色和紫红色。藓类孢子体积不同物种间有差异，但球形和卵球形是基本类型。苔藓孢子的萌发孔有３种类型：三裂缝为类

Observations of Spore Morphology of Some Acrocarpous Mosses in China

Spore characters of 23 acrocarpous moss taxa in China are reported. Observation results show that (1) there are two types of spore shape, namely spherical and ovoid; (2) the spore diameter can be divided into four groups, namely under 10μm, 11～20μm , 21～30μm and over 31μm. There are three types of aperture, namely katalept, monolete and atreme. There are four kinds of exine ornamentation, namely baculate, tuberculate, verrucate and pilate. There are six of spore color, namely yellow brown, dark brown, yellowish green, golden yellow, grass green and purple.The size of moss spores are different from species, but the basic types are spherical and ovoid. Bryophyte spores have three types of aperture, the trilete is original one, the monolete is the evolutionary character and the katalept is mostly common one. The ornamentation of exosporium varies from species. The smooth exine is considered to be an evolutionary character. It is considered to be an original character that various processes densely arranged on the exine. The spore color is relatively stable on genetics, it probably is related with living environment, sporoderm thickness , spore volume, chloroplast quantity and storage products. The significance of spore color in taxonomy and phylogeny remains to be further observation and investigation.