Enhancement of Oral Bioavailability of Cilostazol by Forming its Inclusion Complexes |
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Authors: | Samir G Patel Sadhana J Rajput |
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Institution: | (1) Pharmaceutics Department, Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Education Campus Changa, Changa. Dist.: Aanand, Gujarat, India;(2) Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India |
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Abstract: | The study was designed to investigate the effect of cyclodextrins (CDs) on the solubility, dissolution rate, and bioavailability
of cilostazol by forming inclusion complexes. Natural CDs like β-CD, γ-CD, and the hydrophilic β-CD derivatives, DM-β-CD and
HP-β-CD, were used to prepare inclusion complexes with cilostazol. Phase solubility study was carried out and the stability
constants were calculated assuming a 1:1 stoichiometry. Solid cilostazol complexes were prepared by coprecipitation and kneading
methods and compared with physical mixtures of cilostazol and cyclodextrins. Prepared inclusion complexes were characterized
by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies.
In vitro dissolution study was performed using phosphate buffer pH 6.4, distilled water, and HCl buffer pH 1.2 as dissolution medium.
The optimized inclusion complex was studied for its bioavailability in rabbit and the results were compared with those of
pure cilostazol and Pletoz-50. Phase solubility study showed dramatic improvement in the solubility of drug by formation of
complexes, which was further increased by pH adjustment. The dissolution rate of cilostazol was markedly augmented by the
complexation with DM-β-CD. DSC and XRD curves showed sharp endothermic peaks indicating the reduction in the microcrystallinity
of cilostazol. Selected inclusion complex was also stable at ambient temperature up to 6 months. The in vivo study revealed that DM-β-CD increased the bioavailability of cilostazol with low variability in the absorption. Among all
cilostazol–cyclodextrins complexes, cilostazol–DM-β-CD inclusion complex (1:3) prepared by coprecipitation method showed 1.53-fold
and 4.11-fold increase in absorption along with 2.1-fold and 2.97-fold increase in dissolution rate in comparison with Pletoz-50
and pure cilostazol, respectively. |
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Keywords: | bioavailability cilostazol– CD inclusion complex dissolution solubility stability study |
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