外源茉莉酸甲酯通过调节相关基因表达诱导光温敏雄性不育小麦BS366离体花药开裂

植物育性与花药开裂性状相关. 茉莉酮酸甲酯(methyl jasmonic acid, MeJA)是一种植物激素，广泛参与植物的胁迫应答和生长发育过程. 植物体内存在6类基因所编码的酶共同维持茉莉酮酸(JA)代谢途径的畅通，并与植物花药开裂有关. 本研究以小麦光温敏不育系BS366为材料，于抽穗期—开花期进行穗部离体48 h的 MeJA外源处理. 分别于0、1、3、6、12、24和48 h时间点收集花药并进行RNA提取. 通过半定量RT-PCR分析发现,在内参基因甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate dehydrogenase, GAPDH)表达基本一致的情况下，BS366的JA代谢途径中参与调控的6种基因均存在不同程度的诱导表达. 经MeJA 的48 h处理后的离体花药开裂程度明显增大. 本研究获得了BS366离体环境下JA代谢途径基因经MeJA诱导后表达水平的概况，并为诱导BS366花药开裂及人工调控育性，达到高效制种及繁种的目的提供了初步的理论依据.

Methyl-Jasmonic Acid in vitro Induces Anther Dehiscence of Photothermo-Sensitive Male Sterile Wheat Line BS366 through Regulating Related Gene Expression

As a ubiquitous plant hormone, methyl-jasmonic acid (MeJA) involves in plant defense, response, growth and development, such as anther dehiscence. Endogenous MeJA originates from jasmonates (JA) pathway involving six genes. JA pathway is related to plant anther dehiscence. Whether anther dehiscence is normal and intact determines the plant fertility. In this study we treated ear of photo-thermo-sensitive male sterile wheat line BS366 by exogenous MeJA for 48 h in vitro from heading to flowering stage. Their anthers were collected in the treating time point of 0 h, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Anther RNA was extracted for semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis. We analyzed the expression of six genes participating in JA pathway. In BS366 anther, six genes were induced by MeJA obviously, with internal control gene glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) expressing steadily. The extent of anthers dehiscence was enhanced through MeJA treatment. It indicated that the in vitro expression extent of JA pathway genes in BS366 anther was regulated positively or negatively to some extent, and BS366 anther dehiscence was induced by MeJA. We gained the expression profile of JA pathway genes induced by MeJA in BS366, providing a preliminary theoretical basis for inducing BS366 anther dehiscence for artificially regulating wheat fertility to produce hybrid seeds more efficiently.