大兴安岭典型永久冻土土壤细菌群落组成和多样性

【背景】土壤微生物是土壤生物中的重要成分,参与了土壤生态系统中关键的生物化学循环过程。但是关于寒温带多年冻土土壤微生物的研究还比较薄弱。【目的】探究大兴安岭多年冻土土壤中微生物的多样性和种群结构。【方法】利用MiSeq高通量测序技术对黑龙江大兴安岭地区呼中保护区落叶松冻土和樟子松林冻土土壤样品进行测序。【结果】在落叶松冻土和樟子松林冻土土壤中,相对丰度最高的优势菌群的组成基本一致,在门水平有疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)、绿菌门(Chlorobi)、Parcubacteria、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)10个细菌门类,其中,疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)在樟子松林土壤中的相对丰度较多,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)在落叶松林土壤中的相对丰度较多。通过α多样性分析可知,落叶松冻土土壤微生物的群落多样性高于樟子松林冻土,而且两者的细菌群落组成与结构差异性较大。【结论】为深入认识大兴安岭多年冻土区的土壤微生物群落结构组成以及影响因素提供数据支撑。

Soil bacterial community composition and diversity of typical permafrost in Greater Khingan Mountains

Background] Soil microorganism is an important component of soil organisms and participates in key biochemical cycles in soil ecosystem. However, we still poorly understand on soil microorganisms in permafrost soils in cold temperate regions. Objective] To study the microbial diversity and community structure of the permafrost in the Greater Khingan Mountains. Methods] high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to analyze the soil bacterial diversity and community structure which were taken from Huzhong National Nature Reserve in the Greater Khingan Mountains of northern Heilongjiang. Results] The composition of the soil bacterial dominant phyla were basically the same in the Larix gmelinii and Pinus sylvestris forest. At the level of the phylum, the dominant phyla were Verrucomicrobia, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, Chlorobi, Parcubacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, of which Verrucomicrobia in Pinus sylvestris forest permafrost has relatively high abundance compared with Larix gmelinii forest permafrost. Alpha diversity analysis revealed that the species diversity of the Larix gmelinii permafrost in the frozen soil is higher than that in the Pinus sylvestris permafrost. Moreover, the compositions and structures of soil microorganisms of the two forest types were quite different. Conclusion] These findings are intended to provide data support for an in-depth understanding of the soil microbial community structure and influencing factors in the permafrost area of the Greater Khingan Mountains.