东北杜鹃花科4属植物花粉形态的研究

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对东北杜鹃花科甸杜属(Chamaedaphne Moench.)、杜香属(Ledum Linn.)、松毛翠属(Phyllodoce Salisb.)、越橘属(Vaccinium Linn.)4属6种, 1变种的花粉形态进行了观察和比较研究。以上4属花粉粒均为四合花粉。四合花粉呈正四面体排列。花粉粒近球形。每粒花粉均具3沟,在四合花粉粒上,相邻花粉粒上的沟相接,有些种可见沟内的萌发孔。光镜下可见花粉外壁为内外两层,厚度约相等。不同属种的花粉粒在大小上有区别,花粉粒平均直径为34.0~43.7μm。在扫描电镜下观察可见不同的种花粉表面具有不同的纹饰。为分类学提供了孢粉学方面的证据。

A STUDY ON THE POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF 4 GENERA OF FAMILY ERICACEAE IN NORTHEAST OF CHINA

Pollen morphology of 6 species, 1 variety and 1 form of 4 genera (Chamaedaphne Moench., Ledum Linn., Phyllodoce Salisb., Vaccinium Linn.) of family Ericaceae, distributing in northeast of China, was examined in the light microsc op e(LM) and with the scanning electron microscope(SEM). All of the pollen grains o f the 4 genera are characterized in tetrahedral tetrad. Pollen grains of the 4 genera are spheroidal or subspheroidal with 3-colporates, which shaped as half-c olpi due to two neighborly grains of tetrahedral tetrad link together. Exine is composed with two layers in LM. The ornamentation of the exine is reticulate or granulate. The mean size of the pollen grains ranges from 34.0 to 43.7μm. Pollen grains are diverse in size and in ornamentation of the exine. These can be taken as the characters for identification of species.