海南地区螺旋粉虱三类次级内共生菌的检测

螺旋粉虱Aleurodicus dispersus Russell是一种重要的农林害虫。本研究分别利用次级内共生菌Cardinium和Arsenophonus的16S rDNA和Wolbachia wsp基因对海南省16地区的螺旋粉虱的3种次级内共生菌Cardinium， Arsenophonus和Wolbachia感染情况及相关基因序列进行了测定和分析。3种次级内共生菌Cardinium， Arsenophonus和Wolbachia检测结果表明， Cardinium和Arsenophonus均可感染海南地区的螺旋粉虱， 其中乐东、 陵水和澄迈3个地区所有寄主上的螺旋粉虱的Arsenophonus感染率为100%， 三亚、 琼中和临高部分寄主上的螺旋粉虱的Arsenophonus感染率为66.7%， 而儋州、 五指山和万宁3个地区的螺旋粉虱未发现被Arsenophonus感染； 三亚的番石榴上的螺旋粉虱的Cardinium感染率为100%， 琼海白沙的印度紫檀上螺旋粉虱的Cardinium感染率为100%， 其他寄主上的感染率均小于66.7%； 在所检测的43个螺旋粉虱种群中， 40和31个种群中分别检测出有Arsenophonus 和Cardinium感染， 种群感染率分别为93.0%和72.1%； 在所有检测的个体中， 120个个体中有105个感染Arsenophonus， 93个个体中有70个感染Cardinium， 个体感染率分别为87.5% 和75.3%； 在检测的所有样本中， 只有三亚印度紫檀上的螺旋粉虱检测到Wolbachia， 种群感染率为2.3%， 个体感染率仅为0.8%。这些检测结果表明， 海南地区螺旋粉虱次级内共生菌Arsenophonus的感染率高于Cardinium的感染率， Wolbachia的感染率极低。序列分析表明， 海南不同螺旋粉虱种群的Cardinium的16S rDNA序列一致， 而且与烟粉虱的Cardinium 16S rDNA序列一致性很高， 为97.6%； 不同螺旋粉虱种群的Arsenophonus的16S rDNA序列也完全一致， 其与西班牙加那利群岛螺旋粉虱的Arsenophonus的16S rDNA序列一致性较高， 为85.1%。此外， Wolbachia wsp基因序列分析表明， 海南螺旋粉虱的Wolbachia为B组， 这是国内螺旋粉虱感染Wolbachia的首次报道。

Detection and phylogenetic analysis of three secondary endosymbionts in populations of Aleurodicus dispersus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Hainan, southern China

 The spiralling whitefly (SWF), Aleurodicus dispersus Russell, is an important agricultural and forest pest. In this study, we detected and analyzed the infection status and the gene sequences of three secondary endosymbionts Cardinium, Arsenophonus and Wolbachia in the SWF populations of 16 districts in Hainan province, southern China, based on 16S rDNA of Cardinium and Arsenophonus and wsp gene of Wolbachia. The results showed that the spiraling whitefly was infected by both Cardinium and Arsenophonus. The infection rate of Arsenophonus was 100% in A. dispersus populations from Ledong, Lingshui and Chengmai, and 66.7% in the populations from Sanya, Qiongzhong and Lingao, while there is no infection of Arsenophonus in the populations from Danzhou, Wuzhishan and Wanning. Similarly, the infection rate of Cardinium was 100% in A. dispersus populations on host plants Pterocarpus indicus in Qionghai and Baisha and Psidium guajava in Sanya, and less than 66.7% in the populations on other host plants. Among the 43 populations of A. dispersus detected, 40 and 31 populations were infected with Arsenophonus and Cardinium, with the infection rates of populations of 93.0% and 72.1%, respectively. Among the tested 120 individuals for detecting Arsenophonus infection and 93 individuals for detecting Cardinium infection, the numbers of infected individuals by Arsenophonus and Cardinium are 105 and 70, with the infection rate of individuals of 87.5% and 75.3%, respectively. The infection rate of populations and the infection rate of individuals by Wolbachia were 2.3% and 0.8%, respectively. The Cardinium 16S rDNA gene of different populations of A. dispersus in Hainan shares the same sequence, and has a high identity (97.6%) with the Cardinium 16S rDNA gene of Bemisia tabaci. The Arsenophonus 16S rDNA gene of different populations of A. dispersus in Hainan also shares the same sequence, with 85.1% identity with the Arsenophonus 16S rDNA gene in A. dispersus population in Canary Islands. In addition, Wolbachia in A. dispersus belongs to B group according to the analysis of wsp genes, and this is the first record in China.