Advances in Nod-like receptors (NLR) biology |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2B4, Canada;2. Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 0B1, Canada;1. Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain;2. Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain;3. Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland;1. Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan;2. PRESTO, Tokyo, Japan;1. National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China;2. National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China |
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| Abstract: | The innate immune system is composed of a wide repertoire of conserved pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) able to trigger inflammation and host defense mechanisms in response to endogenous or exogenous pathogenic insults. Among these, nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are intracellular sentinels of cytosolic sanctity capable of orchestrating innate immunity and inflammatory responses following the perception of noxious signals within the cell. In this review, we elaborate on recent advances in the signaling mechanisms of NLRs, operating within inflammasomes or through alternative inflammatory pathways, and discuss the spectrum of their effector functions in innate immunity. We describe the progressive characterization of each NLR with associated controversies and cutting edge discoveries. |
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| Keywords: | NLR Innate immunity Inflammasome Inflammation Cell death |
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