Morphological and molecular data reveal a new species of Neoechinorhynchus (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from Dormitator maculatus in the Gulf of Mexico |
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| Institution: | 1. Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70-153, C.P. 04510 México D.F., México;2. Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70-153, C.P. 04510 México D.F., México;1. Laboratório de Gnotobiologia e Imunologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. Centro de Pesquisas, Biomm S/A, Montes Claros, MG 39400-307, Brazil;3. Departamento de Patologia Geral, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minhas Gerais, Brazil;4. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, ICEB/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Brazil;1. Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, PR China;2. Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Scottsdale, AZ, USA;1. Department of Natural History Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W8, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan;2. The Mt. Fuji Institute for Nature and Biology, Showa University, 4562 Kamiyoshida, Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi 403-0005, Japan;3. Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan;4. Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1, Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan;5. Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W8, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan;1. Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 60365 Brno, Czech Republic;2. Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria;3. MARE, Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal;4. Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic;5. Water Research Group (Ecology), Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Potchefstroom Campus, North West University, 2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa;6. Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo, 0727 Sovenga, South Africa |
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| Abstract: | Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) mexicoensis sp. n. is described from the intestine of Dormitator maculatus (Bloch 1792) collected in 5 coastal localities from the Gulf of Mexico. The new species is mainly distinguished from the other 33 described species of Neoechinorhynchus from the Americas associated with freshwater, marine and brackish fishes by having smaller middle and posterior hooks and possessing a small proboscis with three rows of six hooks each, apical hooks longer than other hooks and extending to the same level as the posterior hooks, 1 giant nucleus in the ventral body wall and females with eggs longer than other congeneric species. Sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large subunit (LSU) of ribosomal DNA including the domain D2 + D3 were used independently to corroborate the morphological distinction among the new species and other congeneric species associated with freshwater and brackish water fish from Mexico. The genetic divergence estimated among congeneric species ranged from 7.34 to 44% for ITS and from 1.65 to 32.9% for LSU. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses with each dataset showed that the 25 specimens analyzed from 5 localities of the coast of the Gulf of Mexico parasitizing D. maculatus represent an independent clade with strong bootstrap support and posterior probabilities. The morphological evidence, plus the monophyly in the phylogenetic analyses, indicates that the acanthocephalans collected from intestine of D. maculatus from the Gulf of Mexico represent a new species, herein named N. (N.) mexicoensis sp. n. |
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