Yeast cell-free enzyme system for bio-ethanol production at elevated temperatures |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University, Salalah 211, Oman;1. Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany;2. Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany;1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Tech E-136, Evanston, IL 60208, USA;2. Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA;3. Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;4. Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA;2. Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA;3. Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;4. Simpson Querrey Institute Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University, Salalah, 211, Oman;4. Materials Science Institute, PCFM Lab and GDHPRC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China |
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| Abstract: | A yeast cell-free enzyme system containing an intact fermentation assembly and that is capable of bio-ethanol production at elevated temperatures in the absence of living cells was developed to address the limitations associated with conventional fermentation processes. The presence of both yeast glycolytic and fermentation enzymes in the system was verified by SDS-PAGE and LC–MS/MS Q-TOF analyses. Quantitative measurements verified sufficient quantities of the co-factors ATP (1.8 mM) and NAD+ (0.11 mM) to initiate the fermentation process. Bio-ethanol was produced at a broad temperature range of 30–60 °C but was highly specific to a pH range of 6.0–7.0. The final bio-ethanol production at 30, 40, 50, and 60 °C was 3.37, 3.83, 1.94, and 1.60 g/L, respectively, when a 1% glucose solution was used, and the yield increased significantly with increasing cell-free enzyme concentrations. A comparative study revealed better results for the conventional fermentation system (4.46 g/L) at 30 °C than the cell-free system (3.37 g/L); however, the efficacy of the cell-free system increased with temperature, reaching a maximum (3.83 g/L) at 40 °C, at which the conventional system could only produce 0.48 g/L bio-ethanol. Successful bio-ethanol production using a single yeast cell-based enzyme system at higher temperatures will lead to the development of novel strategies for efficient bio-ethanol production through SSF. |
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| Keywords: | Bio-ethanol Yeast cell-free enzyme system Glycolytic and fermentation enzymes SDS-PAGE analysis Fermentation |
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