青藏高原常见早熟禾亚科植硅体形态特征初步研究

文章对采自青藏高原地区早熟禾亚科（Pooideae）常见的10属19种现代植物进行详细的植硅体形态描述、分类、统计、测量和对比。分析发现：青藏高原现生植物早熟禾亚科（Pooideae）特有的植硅体形态主要包括帽型、齿型、针茅哑铃型和针茅多铃型，同时发育塔型、棒型、尖型、刺球型等其它亚科常见的类型。初步明确了部分属一级的植硅体形态特点，例如，羊茅属（Festuca）、早熟禾属（Poa）等主要发育尖顶帽型；长芒草（Stipa bungeana Trin．）、赖草（Leymus secalinus（Georgi）Tzvel．）等主要发育平顶帽型；针茅属（Stipa）主要发育针茅哑铃型；早熟禾属（Poa）、三毛草属（Trisetum）同时发育较丰富的帽型和齿型。为进一步地深入研究该区草原植被群落的演替过程和规律提供了植硅体形态学分析的基础。

THE MORPHOLOGY AND ASSEMBLAGES OF PHYTOLITH IN POOIDEAE FROM THE QINGHAI-TIBETAN PLATEAU

Phytolith as a climate proxy is one of the most important and effective tool for reconstruction of paleoenvironments.It is necessary to investigate phytolith assemblages from plant in detail for a full understanding of the relationships between phytolith and climate.There have been limited previous study on phytolith morphology and assemblages of plants from the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and,in particular,phytolith assemblages of Pooideae from this area are little known.This study deals with the shape,size and assemblage of phytolith,based on investigation of 10 genus and 19 species of plants from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.The phytolith morphotypes from the selected species of Pooideae demonstrate that hat,tooth,Stipa bilobate and Stipa multilobate are the representative types.Meanwhile,tower,elongate,spinulate ball and point shapes are also identified.The data of statistics of phytolith indicates that some genera have the same phytolith assemblages.For example,Fustuca and Poa mainly produce point-hat shapes;Stipa bungeana and Leymus secalinus are dominated by flat-hat shapes;Stipa mainly produces Stipa bilobate;Poa and Trisetum have abundant hat and tooth shapes.