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Variable inter and intraspecies alkaline phosphatase activity within single cells of revived dinoflagellates
Authors:Mathias Girault  Raffaele Siano  Claire Labry  Marie Latimier  Ccile Jauzein  Thomas Beneyton  Lionel Buisson  Yolanda Del Amo  Jean-Christophe Baret
Institution:1.Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRPP, UMR5031, 33600 Pessac, France ;2.Ifremer, DYNECO, F-29280 Plouzané, France ;3.Université de Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, Station Marine d’Arcachon, 33120 Arcachon, France ;4.Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
Abstract:Adaptation of cell populations to environmental changes is mediated by phenotypic variability at the single-cell level. Enzyme activity is a key factor in cell phenotype and the expression of the alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) is a fundamental phytoplankton strategy for maintaining growth under phosphate-limited conditions. Our aim was to compare the APA among cells and species revived from sediments of the Bay of Brest (Brittany, France), corresponding to a pre-eutrophication period (1940’s) and a beginning of a post-eutrophication period (1990’s) during which phosphate concentrations have undergone substantial variations. Both toxic marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum and the non-toxic dinoflagellate Scrippsiella acuminata were revived from ancient sediments. Using microfluidics, we measured the kinetics of APA at the single-cell level. Our results indicate that all S. acuminata strains had significantly higher APA than A. minutum strains. For both species, the APA in the 1990’s decade was significantly lower than in the 1940’s. For the first time, our results reveal both inter and intraspecific variabilities of dinoflagellate APA and suggest that, at a half-century timescale, two different species of dinoflagellate may have undergone similar adaptative evolution to face environmental changes and acquire ecological advantages.Subject terms: Climate-change ecology, Microbial ecology
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