Spatial patterns in phage-Rhizobium coevolutionary interactions across regions of common bean domestication |
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Authors: | Jannick Van Cauwenberghe,Rosa I. Santamarí a,Patricia Bustos,Soledad Juá rez,Maria Antonella Ducci,Trinidad Figueroa Fleming,Angela Virginia Etcheverry,Ví ctor Gonzá lez |
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Affiliation: | 1.Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autonóma de México, Mexico, Mexico ;2.Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA ;3.Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina ;4.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina |
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Abstract: | Bacteriophages play significant roles in the composition, diversity, and evolution of bacterial communities. Despite their importance, it remains unclear how phage diversity and phage-host interactions are spatially structured. Local adaptation may play a key role. Nitrogen-fixing symbiotic bacteria, known as rhizobia, have been shown to locally adapt to domesticated common bean at its Mesoamerican and Andean sites of origin. This may affect phage-rhizobium interactions. However, knowledge about the diversity and coevolution of phages with their respective Rhizobium populations is lacking. Here, through the study of four phage-Rhizobium communities in Mexico and Argentina, we show that both phage and host diversity is spatially structured. Cross-infection experiments demonstrated that phage infection rates were higher overall in sympatric rhizobia than in allopatric rhizobia except for one Argentinean community, indicating phage local adaptation and host maladaptation. Phage-host interactions were shaped by the genetic identity and geographic origin of both the phage and the host. The phages ranged from specialists to generalists, revealing a nested network of interactions. Our results suggest a key role of local adaptation to resident host bacterial communities in shaping the phage genetic and phenotypic composition, following a similar spatial pattern of diversity and coevolution to that in the host.Subject terms: Microbial ecology, Bacteriophages, Microbial ecology, Biogeography, Microbial communities |
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